Overgrowth of bacteria: Some people develop vitamin B 12 deficiency as a result of conditions that slow the movement of food through the intestines (diabetes, scleroderma, strictures, diverticula), allowing intestinal bacteria to multiply and overgrow in the upper part of the small intestine
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Your electrolyte losses occur through multiple pathways: Kidney dysfunction : Damaged tubules waste magnesium, sodium, phosphate, and potassium into your urine Gut damage : Alcohol erodes intestinal lining, impairing absorption of magnesium and phosphate while increasing vomiting and diarrhea losses Hormonal disruption : Vasopressin suppression followed by rebound creates sodium-water imbalances that persist into withdrawal These overlapping mechanisms explain why approximately one-third of chronic drinkers develop hypomagnesemia and related deficiencies