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Failure to eliminate dysfunctional mitochondria leads to the accumulation of mitochondrial ROS and the release of immunogenic mtDNA, both of which act as DAMPs that activate innate immune pathways, including the NLRP3 inflammasome and type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling
The content below explains the scientific background, proposed research mechanisms, typical application areas, storage expectations, reconstitution considerations where applicable, and quality-control points that support careful experimental planning
Iowa Orthopaedic J
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