The most commonly reported effects are mild and transient: slight redness at the injection site, occasional mild fatigue in the first few days of a protocol reflecting the circadian recalibration effect, and in some patients a temporary increase in dream vividness associated with improved REM architecture
Important safety considerations include the risk of acute pancreatitis (seek urgent medical attention for severe, persistent abdominal pain), gallbladder disease, and potential worsening of diabetic retinopathy, particularly in patients with pre-existing retinopathy who experience rapid improvement in blood glucose control
[18] Patients should be counseled that early results, while encouraging, do not predict final outcomes
Together, this evidence suggests that GIP may drive WL directly, inhibiting caloric intake, indirectly exploiting the anorectic action of GLP-1, or by reducing GLP-1RA adverse effects (59, 60, 63)