Gastroenterology 2004;126;19-31
Published in Pharmaceuticals (PMID: 38675421), this 41-page open-access review proposes that BPC-157, while not meeting classical neurotransmitter criteria, functions as a cytoprotection mediator with neurotransmitter-like activity through a network of interconnected evidence. What Makes BPC-157 Unique BPC-157 is a 15-amino acid peptide (sequence: GEPPPGKPADDAGLV, molecular weight 1419) native and stable in human gastric juice for over 24 hours, showing no sequence homology with known gut peptides
Sikiri P, Seiwerth S, Grabarevi , Ruman R, Petek M, Jagi V, et al
It supports injury recovery primarily by upregulating collagen and elastin synthesis, stimulating angiogenesis via VEGF and bFGF pathways, and broadly resetting gene expression in damaged tissue