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Complete dosing chart at 5mg/ml (2ml of bacteriostatic water) At this concentration, the 7.5mg and 10mg doses require more liquid than a standard 1ml (100-unit) insulin syringe can hold

High-risk groups who should be considered for monitoring include: Patients taking metformin for more than three years Those on high-dose metformin (2g daily) Older adults (aged 65 years and above), who have reduced gastric acid production and lower B12 stores Patients with pre-existing risk factors for B12 deficiency, including previous gastric surgery, pernicious anaemia, or inflammatory bowel disease Individuals following vegan or vegetarian diets with limited dietary B12 intake Those taking acid-suppressing medications (proton pump inhibitors or H2-receptor antagonists) Patients with symptoms suggestive of B12 deficiency Patients with unexplained anaemia or neuropathy The frequency of monitoring should be guided by clinical judgement and local pathways, with consideration of individual risk factors

Doctors decide on combination therapy based on each patients needs

The simplest approach splits your routine by time of day