Ozempic costs approximately $950-$1,000 per month at most major U.S
Recent studies suggest that GLP-1 also mediates the metabolic effects of metformin, gut microbiota, and bariatric surgery 3,4,5,6
Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases
To address this issue, drug delivery systems for oral peptides have been developed to improve the cellular permeability of peptides using absorption enhancers [e.g., sodium N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)amino]caprylate (SNAC), bile acids, -cyclodextrin, and cell-penetrating peptides] and ingestible devices [e.g., self-orienting millimeter-scale applicator (SOMA), liquid-injecting SOMA, luminal unfolding microneedle injector, and magnetic-controlled microneedle robots] [22,23,24,25,26,27,28]