4 from United States, 3 from Japan
Together, they promote energy, fat utilization, and liver support
Unlike standard sterile water for research which contains no preservative and must be used immediately after opening, bacteriostatic water maintains sterility through multiple punctures, making it ideal for laboratory applications requiring frequent use or multi-application protocols
While singly-housed animals may experience stress that impacts metabolism, body weight, and adiposity 65,66,67,68,69 , the singly-housed animals in this study were treated identically (to the best of the experimenters ability) to minimize and equalize stress across all animals and reduce confounding variables